Posts Tagged ‘onchocerciasis’

“Human Time Bomb for Mosquitoes”

July 12th, 2011

Echoing several articles published last week, Donald McNeil Jr. of the New York Times also shed light on the recent study conducted in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene by scientists from Senegal and Colorado State University.

As mentioned previously, the study demonstrated that ivermectin, a drug used to treat onchocerciasis, can also kill mosquitoes.

Scientists such as Dr. Peter Hotez, President of the Sabin Vaccine Institute, are enthusiastic about this study’s effects on combating malaria and other mosquito borne illnesses, however, the article also provided some cautious perspectives from others. For the drug to effectively kill mosquitoes, nearly everyone in an infested area would need to take the pill simultaneously. In addition, the mosquito killing effects fade after a month so ivermectin, which is typically only distributed once or twice a year to a community, would need to be distributed more frequently.

The article goes on to say, “Also, when people with lots of worms are treated, they suffer fever and intense itching as the worms die. Though that might be bearable once a year, it discourages people from seeking treatment more frequently. And ivermectin is dangerous for a few people — those infested with large numbers of a relatively rare West African worm, the loa loa. These worms circulate in the blood and lungs and may jam capillaries when they die, potentially causing coma or death. Detecting them means drawing blood and viewing it under a microscope.”

Read the full article here

Personal Perspectives Part 2: Inside look at Burundi’s national NTD program

July 8th, 2011

Part two of our four part series featuring award-winning producer Jessica Stuart’s stories from the field:

Monday, June 20- Mwaro Province

Keith Walker films community members in Mwaro Province

On our first full day of travel in Burundi, we drive 2 hours into the mountains to the Mwaro Province.  Today is a very exciting day for the Global Network and partners; the culmination of over 4 years of work.  The Health Minister,Madame Minister Sabine is in Mwaro Province to Launch National Mother and Child Week. This initiative is an integrated approach at a National Level for an MDA- a mass drug administration. Partners include the Burundian Government, The Global Network, Geneva Global, CBM, WHO, and Schistomiasis Control Initiative (SCI). Here, every pregnant woman and child between 1-5 years old can receive free Albendezole to treat whipworm and roundworm, along with Tetanus vaccinations and Vitamin A distribution provided by UNICEF and partners.

Health Minister Sabine distributes Albendizole to a mother and baby at the Futa Clinic in Mwaro Province

This program is one of the few they are running at a National level after the Genocide and the Civil War.

Because it has devastated the country, infrastructure is practically non-existent. There is evidence of rebuilding, but it will take quite some time. Being among the top poorest countries in the world, Burundi can’t do it alone.

The Minister delivered medicines herself. In a speech, she told the community gathered that no one should suffer from any form of NTDs when the medicine and vaccines are free to the people.   She said there are 9 provinces where worms are ravaging the population. Mwaro is one of them.

If anything is happening in a rural village, the ENTIRE village shows up. It is an inevitable factor.

Health Minister Sabine distributes a tetanus shot at Futa Clinic

Hundreds, maybe even thousands come. Events of any kind are taken very seriously.  And today, Madame Minister’s visit to the “Stadium” (a large field used to play soccer), the village came to listen. Dances were performed and speeches were given. Our interpreter, Gerard, explained to me that each song and dance represented an illness or health initiative. They sang about using malaria nets, how to wash your hands for hygiene, how women should breast feed for the first 6 months. Now, I highly doubt NeYo or Akon or JayZ would create a song about public health, but the moment reminded me of those cartoons we used to watch as children that taught us about Bills on Capitol Hill or how not to over salt your meat. Or at the end of GI Joe when the lesson would come and GI Joe would say “now you know, and knowing is half the battle.

Same concept, different execution.  We aren’t so different.

Minister Sabine at a protocol meeting over an Amstel

We ended our day with Madame Minister and formal government protocol. Protocol was to sit and enjoy a beer and talk about the news, families, etc. One thing I must say about Burundi- the beers are NOT 12 ounces. They are liters.  So, about 50 of us sat around, each sipping our liter of beer.  I don’t even like beer that much, but protocol is protocol!

Our hotel in Mwaro had hot water and electricity. No Internet.  Our dinner took 2 hours to cook and we could only eat what they had left from the day–rice, 2 chicken legs, a chicken wing and some fish for 7 of us. This is the first night, however, we learned about brochette. Brochette in Burundi is a meat kabob. There are brochette shacks all over Burundi.  Brochette and beer is happy hour. Brochette and beer is happy hour with no choice of anything else but brochette and beer, or goat or cow brochette.

At the hotel, Kenny’s room had disco lights in the bathroom. I’m not sure why only his room had flashing green, blue, and red lights –we figured he had the honeymoon suite.

Tuesday, June 21st- Rutuna Province

» Read more: Personal Perspectives Part 2: Inside look at Burundi’s national NTD program

More Frightening Than Lions

July 8th, 2011
Reprinted with permission from HKI’s Seeds of Sight blog.
Doug Steinberg goes to a village in Niger that has eliminated the threat of River Blindness thanks to mass drug distribution.
Doug Steinberg with Kalifa Doumbia, a community distributor v2

Doug Steinberg, HKI’s Deputy Regional Director for West Africa, joins the team traveling with NY Times Journalist, Nicholas Kristof. The picture to the left is Doug with Kalifa Doumbia, a community distributor of the drug, Ivermectin.

The village of Moli is located about 85 miles south of Niger’s capital Niamey on the edge of the W National Park, a wildlife reserve with big game, small creatures and a variety of bird-life. The area lies west of the Niger River, with many tributaries flowing through it. These streams dry up in the long, dry season, but they come to life in the rainy season, which is just beginning. Among the life is the black fly, a vector for Onchocerciasis (river blindness).

I just joined the HKI group traveling with Nick Kristof and the two “Win-a-Trip” winners, and we visited a village where Onchocerciasis control, mainly through distributing the drug Mectizan®, donated by Merck & Co., Inc., occurred from 1987 to 1996. The disease is debilitating; micro-filaria (or tiny worms) infest the body, form painful nodes below the skin, and eventually destroy vision. Thanks to the mass drug treatment, Onchocerciasis has been brought under control, and no carriers have been detected since 1992. The young people are free of the disease, although there are a few older folks who suffer from it. One, Natchimou Bagna, now 47, was blinded when he was about 17 years old. » Read more: More Frightening Than Lions

Drug Used to Treat River Blindness Could Reduce Malaria Transmission

July 7th, 2011

A new study published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine revealed that ivermectin, which is used to treat onchocerciasis (also known as river blindness) can also interrupt the transmission of malaria.

From an article on the study:

“The study by scientists from Senegal and Colorado State University found that transmission of malaria parasites by mosquitoes fell substantially among people living in several Senegalese villages over two weeks after they took the drug ivermectin, which was administered as part of a campaign to fight the parasitic roundworm that causes onchocerciasis, or river blindness. The drug appeared to kill malaria-carrying mosquitoes that fed on the blood of the villagers.”

Dr. Peter Hotez, President of the Sabin Vaccine Institute was also quoted in the article saying, “This study offers good news on several fronts, not the least of which is the potential to disrupt the transmission of malaria and save needless suffering and death. We need more creative science like this that has simple yet powerful results in our battle against neglected diseases of poverty. In terms of river blindness, this drug has transformed lives, said Hotez. “To add malaria to its already impressive return on investment would be an incredible development.”

Treating both NTDs and malaria simultaneously is cost-effective and will save many more lives in the long run. To find out how you can help the distribution of ivermectin and other drugs to treat NTDs for just 50 cents, please visit our Get Involved page.

Science magazine also had a write up on the study mentioning the work of the Global Network. The article quotes Dr. Hotez saying, “We’re only beginning to understand the enormous potential impact of MDAs on diseases for which they weren’t intended.”