Archive for the ‘Africa’ category

“In the Rough”, a New Film by END7

April 16th, 2013

 

It might be hard to imagine what it’s like to suffer from a disease like schistosomiasis. The name itself is hard to pronounce, and most people don’t know of anyone who has ever had it…

…Unless they’re from, or have lived in one of the nearly 80 countries where schistosomiasis (schisto, for short) is a major problem. More than 200 million people are currently infected by the parasite that causes schistosomiasis, and 280,000 people die from the disease each year, making it the leading parasitic killer after malaria. Schisto is just one of seven neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that infect more than 1 billion people around the world.

But those are just numbers. What is it really like to live with schistosomiasis, to live in constant threat of infection and re-infection? And what is it like to have that burden lifted with a simple and affordable intervention?

“In the Rough,” a new short film by the END7 Campaign helps to answer those questions. Produced by filmmaker Mo Scarpelli, the film explores what life is like in Kono District, Sierra Leone, an area that supplied most of the country’s “conflict diamonds” during its bloody civil war, and which has some of Sierra Leone’s highest rates of schisto. It follows Sahr Gando, an independent diamond miner and farmer living in Kono District, who, like many of his fellow miners and community members, suffered from severe schisto. Before receiving treatment, Sahr Gando was unable to do his normal work or take care of his family.

Screen Shot 2013-04-11 at 3.08.23 PMScreen Shot 2013-04-11 at 2.56.51 PMSchisto doesn’t only affect people living in poverty, it perpetuates poverty by preventing people from working, going to school and supporting their families and communities.

Luckily there is a solution. Another dynamic individual featured in the film is Susan Mathews, a community health worker in the village of Boroma. Along with other health workers in Kono District, Susan is helping to educate and treat people living in her village as part of a larger effort to stop transmission of schistosomiasis for good.

“In the Rough” showcases the powerful story of a community that is fighting a little-known, but devastating disease. While you need to watch the film to get the full story, here’s a spoiler: this community and others like it in Sierra Leone, working with partners like Helen Keller International, USAID, the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and END7, is making remarkable progress in the fight against schisto and other NTDs.  Sierra Leone is on that path to eliminating major NTDs in the next few years and setting an amazing example for other countries to follow.  Another spoiler:  the ending will be one of the happiest parts of your day.

Watch “In the Rough” now.

Sierra Leone Study Highlights the Need for Prioritizing Treatment of Preschool Children

February 22nd, 2013

 

By Dr. Gregory Simon, Senior Technical Officer, Global Network for Neglected Tropical Diseases

In lake and ponds, rivers and dams, people in developing countries throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America come in contact with parasites that can cause debilitating disease and sometimes death. More than 200 million people around the world are infected with the disease, known as schistosomiasis, often while swimming, bathing, fishing or simply doing domestic chores like laundry and herding livestock. This is because the disease is carried by fresh water snails and transmitted by contact with contaminated fresh water.

Dirty stream in the Kroo bay slum of Freetown, Sierra Leone. Wading in standing water in schistosomiasis endemic areas puts people at risk of contracting the disease. By Olivier Asselin, 2012.

A recent mapping survey was conducted in Sierra Leone to determine the infection rates of  schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths (STH) as part of routine surveillance performed in different areas and during different phases of preventative treatment known as mass drug administration (MDA, click here to learn more about how MDA is used treat and prevent diseases like schistosomiasis and STH). The results were somewhat surprising. The researchers found that preschool age children had high levels and heavy infections of schistosomiasis. But not STH.

The national control program currently does not target this group of children for schistosomiasis treatment or prevention, while MDA has been performed twice yearly for STHs in children 12-59 months of age since 2006.

The survey in Sierra Leone underpins a major problem with international efforts to control and eliminate schistosomiasis.

A woman holds her daughter at the Masongbo health center in the town of Masongbo, Sierra Leone. Health centers offer an alternative to ensure preschool aged children receive preventative treatment for schistosomiasis. By Olivier Asselin, 2012.

The current recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO) do not include treatment protocols for pre-school age children within the context of an MDA strategy. Instead, the WHO recommends treatment of schistosomiasis in children aged less than 4 years on an individual basis by medical personnel.

Without an effective, safe way of administering schistosomiasis pills to pre-school age children, the spread of the disease in households and communities will not be halted. For the time being, in the absence of an appropriate pediatric formulation, broken or crushed tablets are recommended. Research is being conducted on a pediatric formulation that can be used for mass administration; however, approval for such a formulation could be some time away.

Until such a time, when a formulation for MDA in preschool aged children is approved, a potential strategy could be to have children in this age group treated in child health services where children are given vitamin A capsules, treatment for STH and routine vaccinations.

Learn more about schistosomiasis by visiting globalnetwork.org/schistosomiasis.

The Neglected Egyptian Protest

February 19th, 2013

About two years ago around this time, crowds of protest movements were enveloping the Middle East and North Africa. Protestors were coming together to work towards better representation of people that had the capacity to serve the larger population, rather than the upper elite. In Egypt, particularly about two years ago around this time, the former President of Egypt of 30 years, Hosni Mubarak, was forced to step down.

The Middle East region includes about 20 countries, with almost 400 million people living within its span. Of this population, about 65 million people live on less than $2 US dollars a day. Egypt has the largest number of people living in poverty in the Middle East, with 18 percent out of 80.4 million living on less than US$2 per day. Loose labor laws, a lack of strong physical infrastructure and a weakened sense of social justice amounted to an overwhelming amount of unsatisfied civilians that took to Tahrir Square in 2011 and have since been fighting for their just representation by government officials.

Economic burdens and restraints, like those that have affected a large portion of Egypt’s population, not only lead to inequality of employment, resources and infrastructure, but they can also eventually lead to the regression of physical health. When you have such a large population living in under-privileged circumstances, people walk a very thin line of safety when it comes to health services. It may not have stood out as a single issue that raised headlines during the protests, but the lack of policy that suppressed the spread of diseases is also a result of government neglect.

» Read more: The Neglected Egyptian Protest

Kufuor Calls for Government Support to End NTDs

January 22nd, 2013

Last week, the Huffington Post and news outlets across Africa published an op-ed by His Excellency John A. Kufuor, former president of Ghana (2001-2009) and the NTD Special Envoy for the Global Network for Neglected Tropical Diseases. In the piece, Kufuor describes the huge burden of NTDs in Africa and around the world and discusses the work that needs to be done to end suffering caused by these diseases.

As we mentioned last week, this month marks the one year anniversary of the London Declaration, a time for the global health community to reflect on the progress made in the fight against NTDs and what remains to be done.

“I know that the path is not always easy. Ghana, my home country, suffers from five of these diseases, and as recently as 1989 recorded nearly 190,000 cases of Guinea worm,” says Kufuor in his op-ed. “In 2007, we committed ourselves to eliminating several NTDs – and with strong political commitment, increased resources and international support, we conquered blinding trachoma in 2009 and Guinea worm in 2011. Ghana’s work continues, but its future is bright.”

As reported on AllAfrica.com, Nigeria will be launching its own national plan to control and eliminate in NTDs on February 7.